Saturday, December 24, 2011
Friday, April 9, 2010
Advantages Of ISO 9001 Standards
Successful firms are good at two things: increasing sales and reducing costs. However, these two things may prove irrelevant if the quality of the product or service is poor. ISO 9001 Standards is concerned with improving the quality of operations which can affect both top and and bottom line growth. Implementation of ISO 9001 Standards affects the entire organization by providing a transition to both a new common language and a new way of thinking about continuous process improvement. Here’s how you can bring the benefits of ISO 9001 Standards to your organization.
1. Obtain management buy-in. The most important step to any quality initiative is to obtain management commitment. This will increase both the visibility and awareness of your efforts.
2. Create an implementation team. This should include a representative from all functional areas of the organization including marketing, finance, planning, production and design. Also be sure to assign a Management Representative. This should be your strongest upper-level advocate for the success of ISO 9001 Standards implementation.
3. Communicate the goals of the program and provide training. This should include employees as well as major suppliers. The communication should be concise, tied to improving the success of current goals and objectives, and in a language in which employees are familiar with.
4. Map out the most critical processes of the current system. Use an organizational flow chart to show how information flows from the placement of an order to delivery. Compare this flowchart with the ISO 9001 system (see Resources for a link to Management Standards) and identify areas for improvement.
5. Create an implementation plan based on opportunities for improvement found in Step 4. The plan should be thorough and specific. Document each change in the process flowchart. If you already have documentation supporting your processes, use it. However, if you identify an area which lacks documentation, this should be viewed as an opportunity. Documentation is the lifeblood of continuous improvement. If you don’t already have one, create a documentation control system which manages the creation, approval, distribution, storage and disposal of documents.
6. Report out on improvements, create metrics to track improvements and repeat the process.ISO 9001 Standards is about continuous process improvements, and the success of the program is a function of both commitment and the achievement of this goal.
Friday, October 9, 2009
ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 Information site
http://iso9001-procedure.blogspot.com/
http://iso-14001-ems.blogspot.com/
http://iso14001qualitymanual.blogspot.com/
http://iso14001requirements.blogspot.com/
http://iso14001certification.blogspot.com/
http://iso14001qualitysystem.blogspot.com/
http://environmentsystem.blogspot.com/
http://iso14000series.blogspot.com/
http://iso9000standard.blogspot.com/
http://six-sigma-qc.blogspot.com/
http://iso9001-documents.blogspot.com/
http://iso9001-training.blogspot.com/
http://quality-assurance-system.blogspot.com/
http://iso14001standard.blogspot.com/
http://iso9001-certification.blogspot.com/
http://iso9001-certification.blogspot.com/
http://iso9000series.blogspot.com/
http://iso9001standards.blogspot.com/
http://iso9000certification.blogspot.com/
http://isotemplate.blogspot.com/
http://iso9001training.blogspot.com/
http://qualitymanualsystem.blogspot.com/
Introduction to ISO Certification
Procedure by which a third party gives written assurancethat a product, process or service complies with the requirementsspecified in a benchmark.The ISO 9000 family of standards corresponds to all the management best practices benchmarks as regards quality, which are defined by ISO (the International Organisation for Standardization).
ISO 9000 standards were originally written in 1987, with revisions taking place in 1994 and 2000. Thus, the 2000 version of the ISO 9001 standard, which is part of the ISO 9000 family, is written “ISO 9001:2000″. The ISO 9001:2000 standard mainly focuses on the processes used to produce a service or product, whereas the ISO 9001:1994 standard was mainly focused on the product itself. Here is an overview of all the different standards in the ISO 9000 family:
ISO 9000: “Quality Management Systems – Basic Principles and Vocabulary”. The ISO 9000 standard describes the principles of a quality management system and defines the terminologyISO 9001: “Quality Management Systems – Requirements”. The ISO 9001 standard describes the requirements relative to a quality management system either for internal use or for contractual or certification purposes. Therefore, this standard is a group of requirements that companies must followISO 9004: “Quality Management Systems – Guidelines for Improving Performance”. This standard, which is intended for internal use and not for contractual purposes, focuses particularly on continually improving performanceISO 10011: “Guidelines for auditing quality management and/or environmental management systems”.
Business benefits of ISO 14000
Any manager will try to avoid pollution that could cost the company a fine for infringing environmental legislation. But better managers will agree that doing only just enough to keep the company out of trouble with government inspectors is a rather weak and reactive approach to business in today’s increasingly environment-conscious world.
There is a better way. The ISO 14000 way. The ISO 14000 standards are practical tools for the manager who is not satisfied with mere compliance with legislation – which may be perceived as a cost of doing business. They’re for the proactive manager with the breadth of vision to understand that implementing a strategic approach can bring return on investment in environmentrelated measures. Implementing an ISO 14000-basedenvironmental management system, and using other tools from the ISO 14000 family, will give you far more than just confidence that you are complying with legislation.
The ISO 14000 approach forces you to take a hard look at all areas where your business has an environmental impact. And this systematic approach can lead to benefits like the following:
a. Reduced cost of waste managementb. Savings in consumption of energy and materialsc. Lower distribution costsd. Improved corporate image among regulators, customers and the publice. Framework for continuous improvement of your environmental performance.
The manager who is “too busy managing the business” to listen to good senseabout environmental management could actually be costing the business plenty. Just think, for example, of the lost opportunities for achieving benefits like those above.
The ISO 14000 standards are management tools that will help your businessachieve environmental goals that go way beyond acquiring a mere “green sheen”.
Requirements for Product Environmental Quality Assurance
The assigned management of the supplier shall establish a system to prevent BannedSubstances from being used in the products and packaging.(1) To determine policies and methods for ensuring Product Environment Quality.(2) To assign a person to be in charge of managing Product Environment Quality(“Product Environmental Quality Management Representative”)(3) To establish an organization in managing Product Environment Quality,determine responsibilities, authorities, roles of each department and familiarize allmembers in each department with the importance of Product Environment Quality.(4) To establish a “Cadmium-Free Factory”(5) To review the adequacy and efficiency of the system.
Maintenance of the SystemThe supplier shall maintain the system in a condition to be able to respond to therequests for Product Environment Quality and instruction letters to suppliers),ensure the system is properly functioning.(1) Plan and carry out an internal audit at least once a year.(2) When Non-conforming Products or defects are found in the system, the suppliershall conduct an internal audit immediately.(3) The assigned management for Product Environment Products at the suppliershall revise the system according to the results of the internal audit if necessary.
Documents, Data and RecordsThe supplier should manage documents, verification data related to ProductEnvironment Quality.(1) Keep documents, verification data for three years or longer, if required by law.(2) Provide documents and verification data when requested.(3) Review the documents regularly and keep them updated instructions
Selection of Materials and PartsThe supplier has to comply with the following request when selecting material and parts.(1) “No Use of Banned Substances Allowed” (or equal) must be mentioned in allrelevant documents (specifications, blueprints, purchase orders, etc)(2) Materials must not contain any Banned Substances.(3) Only purchase Designated Raw Materials from Green Partners
ISO 9000 Standards
ISO 9000 is a written set of rules (a “Standard”) published by an internationalstandards writing body (International Organization for Standardization. The rules define practices that are universally recognized and accepted for assuring that organizations consistently understand and meet the needs of their customers.ISO 9000 is also highly generic. Its principles can be applied to any organization providing any product or service anywhere in the world.Since meeting customer needs is one of the (many) definitions of quality, ISO 9000 is often called a quality system or a quality management system. But the rules, referred to as requirements, go beyond quality matters as they are traditionally understood. The requirements fall roughly into the following types:
a. Requirements that help assure that the organization’s output (whether product, service, or both) meets customer specifications. (Making, and keeping, them happy.)
b. Requirements that assure that the quality system is consistently implemented and verifiable. (We must actually do what we say we are supposed to do. This must be verifiable via independent, objectiveaudit.)
c. Requirements for practices that measure the effectiveness of variousaspects of the system. (In God we trust; all others bring data.)
d. Requirements that support continuous improvement of the company’sability to meet customer needs. (We cannot sit still. We must strive to get better all the time, because customers change, and competitors gain strength.)
Nothing in ISO 9000 is new. The first edition, published by ISO in 1987, was drawn almost word for word from a British quality system standard. It in turn evolved from a long succession of written quality system specifications that had their ultimate origin in the defense and arms industries. Most of the practices required by ISO 9000 have been in use in industries of various kinds for decades. One intent of ISO 9000 is to simplify things for organizations. ISO 9000 strives to harmonize the sometimes conflicting, sometimes redundant quality programs that have traditionally been imposed by major corporations on their suppliers. (Note, however, that ISO 9000 is not meant to supersede customer, legal, or regulatory requirements.)
Very often, major customers require or strongly “suggest” that their suppliers implement ISO 9000 systems. Equally often, such customers require independent verification that suppliers are meeting the equirements.
So third-party registration bodies audit suppliers, confirm compliance to the ISO 9000 standard, and register the suppliers. It does not stop there. To stay registered, suppliers must undergo periodic (often semi-annual) surveillance audits, also carried out by their registration body.
Implementing an ISO 9000 quality system is neither cheap, nor easy. How costly and difficult it can be depends on:
a. The level of commitment of senior management. (The single most important factor.)
b. Where you are when you start. If you have already implemented a disciplined, documented quality system, you will have a less difficult time migrating to ISO 9000. (But that does not mean you will waltz to registration, either.)
c. Whether your company (or any part of it) is “design responsible” or not.
d. How much time you have. If you are under the customer’s gun and have merely months to get the job done, the process will be highly stressful.
e. The physical size and configuration of your company.
The bottom line is this. ISO 9000 is a comprehensive set of rules—a business system, really—that can cause the way your organization runs to profoundly change, almost always for the better. Yet, because it is often customer-mandated, many suppliers regard ISO 9000 as “just another hoop to jump through to keep our customers happy.”
They see their choice as swallow hard, pony up, and jump through the hoops; or walk away from the customer. What many do not fully appreciate is that implementing ISO 9000—expensive, exhausting, and annoying as it can be—can also have the salutary effect of improving the performance of your organization. Not just at first, but on an ongoing basis.
Goal and Scope of an ISO 9000 quality system
The ISO 9000 Standard states its goal in two blunt words: customer satisfaction.How do we achieve customer satisfaction? By meeting customer requirements.The quality management system (QMS) helps us to dothis by:
a. Applying the system. Actually using it. Putting it at the heart ofour organization.b. Continually improving the system. The QMS is never done. Afterall, customer requirements do not stand still—they evolve and grow tougher.So we have to improve continually in order to survive.
(The guidance document, ISO 9004: 2000, sets a compatibleand in some respects more ambitious goal: “improving theprocesses of an organization to enhance performance.”) Prevention of nonconformity. Prevention is the key term here: prevention,rather than detection. Quality management has longsince evolved away from the old “inspect quality in” approach.Prevention is cheaper, more effective, and more protective of thecustomer. Detection is also a different mindset. It requires a veryhigh degree of process orientation, upstream thinking, and relentlessanalysis.To what types of organizations does the Standard apply? Alltypes. The requirements “are generic and applicable to all organizations,regardless of type and size.” A compliant QMS can be implementedby any organization, producing any product or service,anywhere in the world.Within the organization, the impact of the requirements and theQMS are similarly broad. The Standard “applies to the activities of organizationsfrom the identification of customer requirements, throughall quality management system processes, to the achievement of customersatisfaction.” Every activity within the organization that impactsthe process of creating customer satisfaction is affected by therequirements of the Standard.
ISO 9000 registration or certification
Registration is documented and objective evidence that an organization’squality system meets the requirements of ISO 9000.
Certification is a term often used interchangeably with registration.
In the context of ISO 9000, they mean the same thing. Registration isthe technically correct term for verification of compliance to standardsof quality systems. Certification usually applies to verification of thequality of products (as opposed to quality systems).
Registration is carried out by independent companies called registrars.These companies are:- Wholly independent.- Accredited by a recognized international accreditation body.- Selected, and paid, by you.
Registration can cover:- The sole location of a single-location organization.- Multiple locations of a multilocation organization.- Only certain parts of a multilocation organization (under certain conditions).- Separate locations under separate certificates. (This is a more costlyapproach.)The registration body audits your quality system against the requirementsof ISO 9000. It reports its findings in writing. These findings may (and usually do) include noncompliances (Question 96). Major noncompliances must be closed out prior to official registration.
When this has been done, the registration body:- Lists the organization’s name in its book of registered companies—in effect, registers the organization in its book.- Issues a certificate to the registered organization. This registrationincludes:— Identity of the organization.— Location(s) covered by the registration.— A list of products/services supplied by the registered locations.— Revision date of the Standard.— Registration effective dates.— Name and location of registrar.
Most registrars limit registrations to three years. After that, youmust renew your registration by undergoing another complete systemsaudit. Some registrars do not use the renewal approach. They simplykeep checking the system via surveillance audits.
Whichever the scheme, the organization, to keep registration, mustundergo a surveillance assessment every so often. Six months is the typicalinterval. Some registrars offer annual surveillance schemes (notrecommended except for firms with exceptionally well-implementedquality management systems). Surveillance assessments are scheduledevents (there is no such thing as a “surprise” surveillance audit). Onlypart of the quality system is checked at each surveillance. Usually, theregistrar does not disclose what part will be assessed until the day of theassessment, although some registrars will tell you everything up front.The entire quality system is usually checked via surveillance audits overthe course of three years.
There is no way to “fail” a surveillance assessment, just as there isno way to “fail” a registration audit—except by refusingto implement corrective action required by the registrar. Normally,registrars allow adequate time, but corrective actions must be done ina timely and agreed upon manner to keep registration.One final note: As mentioned, each registrar publishes a list ofthe firms it has registered to ISO 9000.
What is a quality systems registrar
A registrar, or registration body (the preferred term), is sometimes called a certification body. (Accreditation bodies are entirely different—they are the entities that audit/approve registration bodies.)
There are some 573 registration bodies in operation worldwide, including52 in the United States.
The registrar is the organization that checks your quality system and confirms that it meets ISO 9000 requirements for a prescribed and agreed period of time.
To do this, the registrar:a. Audits your organization’s quality system to determine the degree of conformity to ISO 9000 standards. The audit is carried out:— On paper (desktop study).— On site (throughout your facility).b. Registers your quality system, assuming it conforms, to ISO 9000.c. Monitors conformity on an ongoing basis by means of regular reauditsand other methods.All quality system registrars perform these functions, with certainvariations. Registrars differ in two principal ways:a. Accreditation status.b. Scope of accreditation
Reputable ISO 9000 registrars are accredited by international accreditationbodies. These enforce a standard, EN 45012 (European Standard for Bodies Certificating Suppliers’ Quality Systems), that governs the processes that registrars follow. This standard is quite strict:a. Registrars must make their services available to all qualified supplierswithout imposing undue financial or other conditions, andmust administer their regulations in a nondiscriminatory manner.b. The registrar’s organization must not engage in activities that mayaffect its impartiality. For example:— It must not provide consulting services “on matters to whichits certificates are related” (i.e., quality systems). This requirementis superseded by the ISO 9000 restriction noted earlier.— It must not directly engage in commerce with firms that it hasassessed and/or registered.— Individuals involved in the registration process must not haveprovided consulting services to registration clients, or any relatedfirms, within the previous two years.— Its employees and agents must not engage in business activitiesthat would cause others to question the firm’s impartiality.— The registrar may not market consultancy and registrationservices together, and may not recommend consulting servicesto clients.— Auditors may not give advice as part of registration audits.— The registrar must provide the accreditation body with documentationof its employees’ qualifications.— The registrar must have appropriate facilities for carrying outits activities.— The registrar must have a quality manual and documentedprocedures. (Curiously, EN 45012 does not require that registrarsregister to ISO 9000!)— Registrars may not grant or renew certificates of registration until all major noncompliances are eliminated.
Another point of differentiation is scope of accreditation. All registrarsare not accredited, or approved, to register firms in any line of business. Each registrar is accredited to operate within the business or industrial sectors about which it has documented expertise. This is generically referred to as the registrar’s scope.
How long does it take to register to ISO 9000?
The time it takes to implement the ISO 9000 system depends in largepart on where you are when you start. If you already have any of thefollowing, implementation time should be relatively short:a. A documented quality system of any kind that is active, meaningful,but not necessarily compliant with any particular standard.b. Resources temporarily dedicated solely to implementing the system.c. The guidance of a good consultant
If you are starting from square one, implementation can take a longtime. (Unless you can shut down operations while implementing—butwho can do that?) Here are some other factors that can extend thetime it takes:a. Multiple locations.b. Head count.c. Whether or not you are design responsible.d. Corporate turmoil.e. Lack of ongoing, consistent, persistent top management commitment.This exhibits itself in a host of symptoms, including lack ofsufficient resources, other issues taking priority, vacillation, failureto pay attention, failure to learn and understand, and failureto lead.All that being said, experience has shown the following:a. On average, the shortest interval for the entire process—fromlaunch through registration audit—seems to be around 6 to 9months.b. At the other extreme, it’s been known to take 18 to 24 to 36months, even with significant resources and full managementcommitment.On average, for the typical organization (whatever that is), you arelooking at 10 to 18 months to get the job done.
What does ISO 9000 offer?
What else does ISO 9000 bring you? When well implemented, anISO 9000 quality system improves organization performance. That is,after all, the whole point. In cases where it does not, the fault tendsnot to be in the ISO 9000 process (its inherent deficiencies notwithstanding).When an ISO 9000 system does not provide substantial benefits andimprovement in performance, it is usually because managementhas consciously chosen to cut corners, blowsmoke,stay uninvolved, and starve the system of all but the most essentialresources. “We’ll do this stupid thing, but we’re sure not goingto change the way we operate.”ISO 9000 registration brings you one more thing that your organizationmay not have today: International credibility. ISO 9000 is deployedand practiced in nearly 100 countries around the world. Intoday’s ever-growing international economic climate, this is not a bademblem to have, however narrow the scope of your market today.
Policy and Procedures for Quality Assurance
1.8 Goals and Objectives
PRELIMINARY GAP ANALYSIS FOR ISO 9001:2008
Decide on a number from 0 to 5 for each item below. The scoring criteria are given in a table at the end. 1 to 5 Make notes to explain your score for future reference.
1. Have you established, documented, implemented and now maintain a Quality Management System (QMS) to any system including ISO 9001?
2. Have you identified the processes needed for your QMS and
a. the sequence of your production and service delivery processes,
b. the criteria and methods needed to ensure the processes are effective, and
c. have the resources and the information you need to support the processes?
3. Do you have
a. a Quality Manual including your Quality Policy and quality objectives, and
b. written procedures and work instructions?
4. Do your records provide evidence that your business processes are effective?
5. Is your Top Management committed to the development and implementation of a new QMS (i.e. based on the 2008 version of ISO 9001)?
6. Has your Top Management communicated the importance of meeting customer and other business requirements to all the employees?
7. Has your Top Management made a commitment to ensure your customers’ requirements are top priority?
8. Do your quality objectives include requirements for production and delivery?
9. Are your quality objectives measurable?
10. Have the responsibilities and authorities of managers and employees been defined and communicated to them?
11. Does your management have the drive and resources needed
a. to implement, and maintain a QMS and continually improve its effectiveness, and
b. to enhance customer satisfaction by meeting customer requirements?
12. Does your organization have procedures to select competent personnel for work activities?
13. Does your organization provide training or take other action to help develop your people?
14. Does your organization provide adequate:
a. buildings, workspace and utilities,
b. process equipment, and
c. supporting services such as transport or communication?
15. When you receive a customer order do you review it for
a. requirements specified by the customer, including the delivery and post-delivery activities,
b. requirements not stated by the customer but necessary for specified use or known and intended use, and
c. statutory and regulatory requirements related to the product?
16. Do you inform your customers concerning
a. product information,
b. enquiries, contracts or order handling, including changes, and
c. channels for customer feedback and complaints?
17. Does your organization plan and control product design and development activities?
18. Does your organization maintain records of design or development review, verification and validation activities and resulting action?
19. Does your organization inspect or otherwise confirm that purchased products, materials, components and services conform to your specified purchase requirements?
20. Does your organization select suppliers depending on how important the purchased product is for production?
21. Does your organization evaluate suppliers (subcontractors or vendors) based on their ability to satisfy your requirements?
22. Do you ensure production has
a. the information that describes the characteristics of the product,
b. the necessary work instructions,
c. suitable equipment, and
d. the monitoring and measuring devices needed?
23. Does your organization regularly confirm that your production and service processes are capable of consistently meeting your requirements?
24. Are parts, components, subassemblies and products identified throughout production or service delivery?
25. Are monitoring and measurement requirements clearly shown with the status of the product?
26. Where traceability is a requirement, does production keep records of unique product identification?
27. Do you care for and protect customers’ property under your control or being used by your people?
28. Do you look after your product (including the parts or components) during both production and delivery to the customer, by providing suitable identification, packaging, storage, preservation and handling?
29. Do you have instructions needed to identify inspection or monitoring activities to be done during production or service delivery and the devices to be used?
30. Is your measuring equipment:
a. Calibrated or verified at specified intervals, or prior to use?
b. Adjusted or re-adjusted as necessary?
c. Identified to enable the calibration status to be determined?
d. Safeguarded from adjustments that would invalidate the measurement result?
e. Protected from damage and deterioration during handling, maintenance and storage?
31. Does your organization monitor customer information that shows you have satisfied customer requirements?
32. Does your organization conduct internal quality audits at planned intervals?
33. Does your organization use suitable methods to monitor and, where practical, measure the performance of your processes?
34. Does your organization inspect or measure the characteristics of finished products and record the results?
35. Does your organization identify nonconforming products and review them for disposition?
36. Does your organization collect and analyze data to assess the suitability and effectiveness of the QMS?
37. Does your organization use data to evaluate or identify where continual improvement of the QMS can be made?
38. Does your organization continually improve the effectiveness of the QMS?
39. Does your organization take corrective action to eliminate the causes of problems and to prevent their recurrence?
40. Does your organization determine and eliminate potential nonconformities in order to prevent their occurrence?
To score this table:
0 – You do not understand what is required or believe it is necessary
1 – Your organization does not perform this activity
2.- You understand this activity is a good thing to do but do not do it
3 – You do this sometimes
4 – You do this but not very well
5 – You do this quite well.
Add all the points together.
150 – 200
You are almost ready to complete your ISO 9001 QMS and apply for certification/
registration.
100 – 149
You are ready to implement the QMS. This will likely improve your business results.
0 – 99
You have a lot to do but should begin. You could consider seeking help from a
consultant or specialist.
Improve your performance management with new version of ISO 9001
it is much more than a set of rules and procedures. When properly implemented and maintained, a QMS addresses the needs of your organisation and delivers tangible business benefits.
The new version of ISO 9001 has recently been published. One of the main aims of ISO 9001:2008 is to facilitate integration with other standards. Although there are no new requirements as such, there are some key clarifications to be taken into account.
There are three main objectives to the new standard:
Detail, clarify, improve the understanding of ISO 9001:2000 (previous version)
Improve compatibility with ISO 14001:2004 Simplify the way in which ISO 9001 can be integrated with other management system standards (such as OHSAS 18001)
There are no new requirements in the new standard:
The title, scope, and structure of the standard are unchanged
The process approach is confirmed
Compatibility with the latest revision of ISO 14001:2004 is maintained and improved upon
Preservation of the quality management principles included in ISO 9000:2000
There are five main areas to note. The relevant sections of the standard are noted in brackets.
1. A reinforcement of the notion of product conformity
2. Compatibility with other standards is evolving
3. A better understanding of outsourced processes
4. An editorial clarification of some requirements – for instance;
A reinforcement of the notion of product conformity2.3.4.
An editorial clarification of some requirements – for instance;A better understanding of outsourced processesCompatibility with other standards is evolving
• (6.4) work environment, including an explanatory note on work environment giving examples,
to help meet product conformity requirements
• (8.2.1) measurement of customer satisfaction, including a note broadening the scope beyond
satisfaction surveys to include other channels such as customer feedback5.
• (Introduction) the notion of risk
• (5.5.2) appointment of a management représentative
• (6.2.2) assessing the effectiveness of achieving compétence
• (8.5.2 et 3) assessing the effectiveness of corrective and preventive actions?
Some additional explanations regarding the requirements of the standard;An editorial clarification of some requirements – for instance;A better understanding of outsourced processesCompatibility with other standards is evolvingA reinforcement of the notion of product conformity